Text treaty document 1123 protocols i and ii to the african. The african nuclear weapon free zone treaty, also known as the treaty of pelindaba, establishes a nuclear weapon free zone in africa. Thirteen years after it officially opened for signature, the african nuclear weapon free zone treaty treaty of pelindaba has finally come into force with the twentyeighth deposit of its ratification instrument by burundi on 15 july 2009. Additionally, there are four denuclearization treaties covering the seabed, outer space, the moon and other celestial bodies, and antarctica. In each case, president obama wrote in his transmittal letters on may 2, 2011 that i am convinced that it is in the best interest of the united states to ratify the protocols. In february 2019, south africa ratified the treaty on the prohibition of nuclear weapons, becoming the first country to have had nuclear weapons, disarmed them and gone on to sign the treaty. The african nuclear weapon free zone treaty pelindaba treaty share. African nuclear weaponfree zone treaty pelindaba treaty. Arms control treaty nuclear weapons education project. Central asian, and south pacific zones is pending, while the protocol to the. As part of their efforts to strengthen their security, stability and development, the parties.
African nuclearweaponfree zone treaty pelindaba treaty. Treaty on a nuclear weapon free zone in central asia canwfz. The entry into force of the african nuclear weapon free zone treaty, also known as the treaty of pelindaba is actually sort of a big deal for a couple of reasons relating to nuclear weapon free zones and negative security assurances. The treaty is named after south africa s main nuclear research centre, run by the south african nuclear energy corporation. Theconclusion ofthis treaty bears testimony to the untiring efforts of thecountries of thiscontinent in nuclear arms control and disarmament. African nuclearweaponfree zone treaty treaty of pelindaba. African nuclear weapon free zone treaty treaty of pelindaba. Establishment of a nuclearweaponfree zone in the middle east. Convinced also that the african nuclearweaponfree zone treaty.
South africa signs treaty on prohibition of nuclear weapons. The african nuclear weapon free zone treaty the treaty, also known as the treaty of pelindaba, was the product of a 32year effort seeking a nuclear. African nuclear weapon free zone means the territory of the continent of africa. Bureau of international security and nonproliferation. Another major step forward noel stott, senior research fellow, iss1 issue 6 of africa s policy imperatives covered the extent to which the chemical weapons convention cwc is adhered to in africa, and argued that that as the opcw shifts its focus away from disarmament to. Convinced that central asian nuclearweaponfree zone will constitute an. Establishment of a nuclearweaponfree zone in the middle. Africa is now official ly a zone free of nuclear weapons. Finally, since the african commission on nuclear energy afcone, the treaty s compliance mechanism was only established in 2010, and this prevents a comprehensive analysis of afcone and south africa s nuclear diplomacy. Caribbean, the south pacific, southeast asia and africa, have created.
And as another effort to negotiate a legallybinding treaty concluded last week, there were lingering questions crying out for answers. On july 15, the pelindaba treaty, which established africa as a nuclear weapon free zone, finally entered into force. Nothing in this treaty shall be interpreted as to prevent the use of nuclear science and technology for peaceful purposes. In 1964, at its first summit in cairo, egypt, the organization of african unity oau formally stated its desire for a treaty ensuring the denuclearization of africa. Treaty on a nuclearweaponfree zone in central asia and. It is deeply gratifying to witness today the signing of theafricannuclearweaponfree zone treaty the pelindaba treaty.
The treaty declares africa a zone free of nuclear weapons, thus constituting an important step towards the strengthening of the nonproliferation regime, the promotion of cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, general and complete disarmament and the enhancement of regional and international peace and security. Convinced also that the african nuclearweaponfree zone treaty, negotiated and signed in accordance with the declaration on the denuclearization of africa ahgres. The treaty is the latest regional agreement to ban nuclear weapons in its area of application. Nothing in this treaty shall be interpreted as to prevent the use of nuclear sciences and technology for peaceful purposes. African nuclearweaponfreezone treaty pelindaba treaty. The african nuclear weapons free zone treaty is also known as the pelindaba treaty, as it was adopted at pelindaba, site of the then atomic energy corporation aec of south africa on 2 june 1995. The pelindaba treaty, or african nuclear weapon free zone treaty, establishes a nuclear weapon free zone in africa. The united states ratification of protocols to the treaties establishing the african. The african nuclearweaponfree zone treaty and protocols overview introduction the african.
Nuclearweaponfree zones nwfz at a glance arms control. The treaty was signed in 1996 and came into effect with the 28th ratification on 15 july 2009. African nuclearweaponfreezone anwfz treaty pelindaba. Article vii of the nuclear nonproliferation treaty npt states.
Another major step forward noel stott, senior research fellow, iss1 issue 6 of africa s policy imperatives covered the extent to which the chemical weapons convention cwc is. Treaty banning nuclear weapon tests in the atmosphere, in outer space and under water. African nuclearweaponfree zone treaty dates of signature. Oct 27, 2020 in line with the humanitarian initiative, african leaders declared africa a nuclear weapons free zone with the 1996 treaty of pelindaba. The entry into force on july 15 of the african nuclearweaponfree zone treaty, also known as the treaty of pelindaba, was largely ignored by the worlds mainstream news media. Furthermore, africa is a moral authority on the question of. How african leadership made the ban treaty a reality. The african nuclear weapon free zone treaty, also known as the treaty of pelindaba named after south africas main nuclear research centre, run by the south african nuclear energy corporation and was the location where south africas atomic bombs of the 1970s were developed, constructed and subsequently stored, establishes a nuclearweapon free zone in africa.
May 02, 2011 message on african nuclear weapon free zone treaty pdf message on south pacific nuclear weapon free zone treaty pdf today the president submitted the protocols to the african nuclear weapon free zone treaty and the south pacific nuclear weapon free zone treaty to the u. Southeast asia nuclear weaponfree zone, hereinafter referred to as the zone, means the. The african nuclear weapon free zone treaty pelindaba treaty was adopted and opened for signature. South africa played a leading role in the establishment of the african nuclear weapon free zone treaty also referred to as the treaty of pelindaba in 1996, becoming one of the first members in 1997. Treaty on the nonproliferation of nuclear weapons npt. African states remain concerned about the discriminatory nature of the npt. Oct 08, 2009 on july 15, the pelindaba treaty, which established africa as a nuclear weapon free zone, finally entered into force.
African nuclear weapons free zone treaty anwfz treaty of. Middle east zone free of nuclear weapons and other weapons of. A nuclearweaponfree zone nwfz is defined by the united nations as an agreement which a group of states has freely established by treaty or convention that bans the development, manufacturing, control, possession, testing, stationing or transporting of nuclear weapons in a given area, that has mechanisms of verification and control to enforce its obligations, and that is recognized as such. Signature of the treaty culminates a 32year quest for a nuclear free africa, beginning when the organization of african unity formally stated its desire for a treaty ensuring the denuclearization of africa at its first summit in cairo in july 1964. Pacific nuclear free zone treaty treaty of bangkok, 1995. Statement on nuclear free zones in asia and africa. Likewise, protocols i and ii to the african nuclearweaponfree zone treaty pdf were signed by the u. Costa rica was the first regional state to propose a latin american nuclear arms control arrangement at an organization for the american states oas council meeting in 1958, which sought to prevent the manufacture of nuclear arms or their acquisition from the nuclear weapon states nws. The african nuclearweaponfree zone treaty pelindaba treaty. The pelindaba treaty for a nuclear weapons free zone in africa afnwfz 1996. The name pelindaba was particularly appropriate when the draft was adopted as the name originates from the zulu words iphelile indaba, which.
African nuclear weapons free zone treaty anwfz treaty. Protocols i and ii to the african nuclearweaponfree zone treaty, signed on behalf of the united states at cairo, egypt, on april 11, 1996, including a third protocol related to the treaty. The country has been a signatory of the biological weapons convention since 1975, the treaty on the nonproliferation of nuclear weapons since 1991, and the chemical weapons convention since 1995. It is a significant development and a further nudge toward a world without nuclear weapons. Given the above, as well as the establishment of the african continent as a nuclear weapons free zone through the 1996 african nuclear weapon free zone treaty treaty of pelindaba, it is clear that african states are invested in the nuclear disarmament debate. Aug 17, 2009 on 15 july, burundi deposited its instrument of ratification for the treaty of pelindaba africa is now a nuclear weapon free zone. African nuclear weaponfreezone treaty pelindaba treaty. Pdf in april 1996, the latest agreement on establishing weapons. The african nuclearweaponfree zone treaty the treaty of pelindaba the parties to this treaty, guided by the declaration on the denuclearization of africa, adopted by the assembly of heads of state and government of the organization of african unity hereinafter referred to as oau at its first ordinary session, held at cairo from 17 to 21 july 1964 ahg. Final text of treaty of the african nuclearweaponfree. Conference for the signing of the african nuclearweaponfree.
United states signed the protocol for the african nuclearweaponfree zone in. The african weapon free zone treaty2 all these treaties include pledges by the signatories and verification through the. Agenda information a50251 78 final text of a treaty on an african nuclear weapon free zone. The african nuclearweaponfree zone treaty pelindaba. African nuclearweaponfree zone means the territory of the continent of africa. African nuclearweaponfree zone treaty and protocols. The african weapon free zone treaty2 all these treaties include pledges by the signatories and verification through the international atomic energy agency iaea.
The african nuclear weapon free zone treaty pelindaba treaty. African nuclearweaponfree zone treaty african union peace. Available guidelines for a middle east free zone 1. Takes note of the report of the director general on the agencys verification activities in south africa contained in document gcxxxvii1075. The african nuclear weapon free zone treaty, also known as the treaty of pelindaba named after south africas main nuclear research centre, run by the. The parties to the treaty the treaty parties are the republic of kazakhstan, the kyrgyz republic, the republic of tajikistan, turkmenistan, and the republic of uzbekistan.
African nuclear weapon free zone arms control wonk. The central asian nuclearweaponfree zone treaty the treaty or the canwfz treaty was signed on september 8, 2006, and entered into force on march 21,2009. Oct 01, 2020 african states have played a pivotal role in supporting treaties that outlaw weapons which contravene the principles of international humanitarian law, and they have consistently demonstrated a strong commitment to banning nuclear weapons, as evidenced by the overwhelming endorsement of the nuclear weapons free zone treaty of pelindaba. Signature of the african nuclearweaponfree zo ne treaty. Middle east zone free of nuclear weapons and other. The principles and objectives focuses, inter alia, on adherence to the npt, nuclear disarmament, the conclusion of the ctbt and the establishment of nuclear weapon free zones. The treaty on the southeast asia nuclear weapon free zone treaty of pelindaba, 1996. The entry into force on july 15 of the african nuclear weapon free zone treaty, also known as the treaty of pelindaba, was largely ignored by the worlds. Final text of treaty of the african nuclearweaponfree zone. Treaty on the southeast asia nuclear weaponfree zone asean. Protocols on nuke free zones in africa, pacific sent to. African nuclear weaponfreezone treaty pelindaba treaty iaea. African nuclear weapon free zone treaty pelindaba treaty to declare any capability for the manufacture of nuclear explosive devices.
Fact sheet bureau of nonproliferation washington, dc january 20, 2001 african nuclearweaponfree zone treaty the treaty of pelindaba dates of signature, ratification, and deposit. An african contribution to the nuclear weapons debate. Cooperation among nuclearweaponfree zones vienna center. Protocol iii the parties to this protocol convinced of the need to take all steps in achieving the ultimate goal of a world entirely free of nuclear weapons as well as the obligations of all states to contribute to this end, convinced also that the african nuclearweaponfree zone treaty, negotiated and signed in accordance with the declaration. Conference for the signing of the african nuclearweapon.
Protocols i and ii to the african nuclearweaponfree zone. For complete and accurate display of this text, see the pdf. Jun 21, 2017 in the wings is a middle east nuclear weapon free zone, which states have struggled to negotiate for more than 20 years, and recently the idea of a northeast asia nuclear weapon free zone has been floated. The african nuclear weapon free zone treaty the treaty, also known as the treaty of pelindaba, was the product of a 32year effort seeking a nuclear weapon free africa. In fact, the continent expressed these sentiments as early as 1964 when the oau adopted the cairo declaration, which resulted in 2009 in the entry into force of the pelindaba treaty, the african nuclear weapon free zone treaty. Nuclear weapon free zones africa nuclear weapon free zones africa imprint new york. In june 1995, at the 31st ordinary session of the oau held in addis ababa, the african nuclearweaponfree zone treaty was agreed to. Each treaty establishing a nuclearweaponfree zone includes a protocol for the. Government printing office 112th congress 1st session senate treaty doc. South africa and weapons of mass destruction wikipedia. Asia and the 1996 pelindaba treaty regarding africa have been opened for signature. Implementing the african nuclearweapon free zone treaty. South africa as a country which has voluntarily given up the nuclear weapons option, sees the decision to adopt these proposals as the beginning of the journey towards. As part of their efforts to strengthen their security, stability and development, the parties under.
Africa as a nuclearweaponfree zone centre for international. It is also thefruit of afundamental change in the international political environment the movementtowards detente. The entry into force on july 15 of the african nuclearweaponfree zone treaty, also known as the treaty of pelindaba, was largely ignored by the worlds. Nothing in this treaty affects the right of any group of states to conclude regional treaties in order to. Africa is now officially a zone free of nuclear weapons. African nuclearweaponfree zone treaty the treaty of pelindaba dates of signature, ratification, and deposit as of january 9, 2001 country. The african nuclearweaponfree zone treaty the treaty of pelindaba no access. Requests south africa to continue its stated policy of full transparency. Feb 25, 2019 the treaty complements other international instruments by contributing towards fulfilling the nuclear disarmament obligations under the nuclear nonproliferation treaty npt, the objectives of the comprehensive nuclear testban treaty ctbt and the various nuclear weapon free zone treaties, such as the pelindaba treaty that already banned.
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